Sangamon Sun

Near the Illinois Capitol, the Howlett Building stands as a monument to the state's history. Originally known as the Centennial Building, it was constructed to commemorate Illinois' first century of statehood. Among its features is a display chronicling the history of the Illinois National Guard.

The National Guard's origins date back to December 13, 1636, when colonial Massachusetts established a local militia under governmental control. This concept spread among other colonies and evolved into formations like the Minutemen of 1775 and later, part of George Washington's Continental Army.

Illinois' connection to military service began with a 1718 charter from the King of France for local defense in French-occupied territory. The Howlett Building showcases this history starting in 1779 with "Patriots of the Heartland," depicting Illinois militiamen during George Rogers Clark's campaign against British forces.

After American independence, concerns over a national standing army led to reliance on state militias for defense. Illinois responded to calls for troops during conflicts such as the Mexican-American War in 1846 and supplied significant numbers during the Civil War.

Illinois soldiers have been recognized for their bravery, including securing Santa Ana’s prosthetic leg during battle and being among those who raised the Union flag over Richmond in 1865. Charles H. Chamberlin captured this spirit in Illinois’ state song.

Post-war periods saw veterans continue public service, with many becoming governors or legislators. The tradition extends today with figures like U.S. Senator Tammy Duckworth.

In 1898, during the Spanish-American War, poet Carl Sandburg served with an Illinois regiment. World War I saw another reorganization; many units became part of the 33rd Division under Dwight D. Eisenhower’s training at Camp Logan before deploying to France.

During World War II, Illinois guardsmen fought in both European and Pacific theaters. They were involved in liberating Belgian royalty and rescuing future Philippine President Manuel Roxas.

The establishment of air capabilities began in earnest post-World War II with aircraft like F-84 Thunderstreaks and KC-135 Stratotankers for refueling missions. Ground forces protected key sites from potential Cold War threats.

Modern deployments include humanitarian efforts across Central America and peacekeeping roles globally after events like September 11th attacks where they served in Iraq and Afghanistan.

Domestically, they have responded to disasters such as Hurricane Katrina and participated significantly during COVID-19 response efforts—demonstrating their readiness under their motto: Always Ready, Always There.